Sunday, October 2, 2011

The Impact of Arts Education in Schools

Objective #5: Describe key ideas from the K-6 national standards in art, dance, theater, and music.

The arts classes are always a big part of school when I was child in elementary school. It seems that each year, the arts classes are being taken out of schools either for budget reasons, or the students’ lack of interest in these subjects. But as much as the arts may not seem to play a big role in students' education, the art has a way of teaching students aspects of their lives that will not be covered in their daily courses.


Dance can be used in the schools to teach students about it's history, how to move their bodies, moving to a beat, and become rhythmically inclined. Moving to music allows students to express themselves in a different manor other than speaking. It forms a different channel of communication and has been as aspect of communication well before verbal or written communication existed. With the experience of dance education, students are able to be creative and express meaning in their world. They are able to gain kinesthetic abilities in learning dance as well as learning a series of movements, choreography, and teaches them self-discipline. According to the NCSCOS, students will also learn about different cultures and places in dance class and through this they will be able to help people connect throughout the different cultures. Any subject area such as language arts, science, social studies, and mathematics can be incorporated into dance material that students would be learning in the classroom. Dance allows the physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and aesthetic development of children. By creating dances and routines, students develop their own ideas of creativity and gain respect in doing so for themselves. Students are given a chance to be hands-on in the learning experience which is not always the case is other subjects.

Music is another form of the arts that gives students the opportunity to be hands on and creative. In grades K-2, the music program focuses on encouraging the students to use their natural enthusiasm for music. Students are just being introduced to different instruments and the structure of the instruments. Singing, playing instruments, moving, careful listening, and involvement engage the students. Students are able to learn how to care for instruments and develop an understanding for their own musical abilities. The basic musical elements are explained and demonstrated to the young students as well. Music is an excellent way to integrate other courses into lessons. For example, teaching students about Mozart is a great way to develop history ideas and concepts in music. Mathematics is also incorporated through patterns, counting, and grouping.


As a student in elementary school, music was always my favorite class. I began learning the basics of music in kindergarten throughout second grade and learned to play the recorder (boy my parents loved hearing me squeak on that thing throughout the house!). Music quickly became an important interest of mine and my teacher encouraged me to continue music class in 3rd grade. I chose to play the clarinet in third and fourth grade at my elementary school in NY and joined the beginning band class. When my family and I moved to NC, I was in 5th grade. I chose to continue my music career in my new elementary school. In my new school, I noticed that my music teacher took her job to another level. She pushed practicing on the students, but made the music class fun and engaging! The more I practiced the more I enjoyed moving onto more challenging levels of music. I continued playing the clarinet in middle school and in my high school marching band as well. Music had a huge impact on my school career and I ended up playing the clarinet for 9 years. I met many friends in marching band, some of which are my closest friends to this day. I saw music as a way to escape my hard classes that were not always my strongest areas of interest. Music class was fun for me because of the teachers that pushed me to do well and made me succeed in music. I learned to play many instruments throughout my years of being in a band class and traveled across the east coast performing in competitions with my school. Band class was fun, and sometimes that’s all it may take for students to want to succeed. Below I have included a picture of myself in marching band, 9th grade:



Theater arts classes are another form of the arts that students engage in throughout elementary school. In grades K-2 students learn to be engaged in singing, movement, creating, and communicating by acting. Theater arts classes allow students to explore themselves and experience the world of creative drama. They will learn numerous skills such as imitating, speaking, creating, and sharing which helps to develop thinking skills. Theater arts classes assist children with many different types of learning styles because of the vast amount of self-expression that takes place in the classes. Curriculum integration in this type of class is easy to do as well! Teachers can encourage their students to reenact stories, or an event in history by creating a play to share with the class. Literature is expressed through interactive reading and enthusiasm in one’s voice as they read. Theater arts are able to assists students as they progress throughout the elementary years because it gives the children the practice of being independent which will give them the ability to expand on their creativity.


After researching ideas on the topic of keeping the arts classes in schools, I found the following website http://www.keepartsinschools.org/Research/index.php . This website provides news and resources that encourage keeping the arts classes in schools across America. Within this website, I found a quote that particularly stood out to me. I felt that it summed up the importance of art, dance, theater, and music classes for elementary school students. Although the quote focuses on music specifically, there are all types of abilities that students learn from the arts classes specifically.


"Music is all about the structural connections that are used to support memory. It's much easier to remember something that follows a familiar structure or pattern than something random and unfamiliar. These familiar structures serve as the foundation for building greater knowledge and even stronger and more extensive neural networks that support learning of all kinds."

As I read the quote above, I realized just how important it is to give students to opportunity to take these classes in school and the everyday knowledge that they can learn from the classes. I also thought about how easy it would be to include aspects of these classes into my social studies lessons in the future. Students could act out scenarios, sing the 50 states, and move to the music of the 50 states song. Including the arts in my class room would not be difficult and for the benefits of my students, I intend to do so. :)


Wednesday, September 14, 2011

Interdiciplinary Learning Experiences

Objective #2: Describe features of exemplary interdisciplinary learning experiences.
 Interdisciplinary instruction is very important in the education process because it allows students to be taught in multiple subject areas during one lesson. The integration and goal of the teacher’s lesson is to enhance the students learning in not only one specific subject area, but in multiple. Teachers should work with their colleagues in creating this type of learning because it allows the teachers to implement many ideas into one lesson, or input different ideas into many different subject areas that they may specialize in. interdisciplinary instruction also allows students to gain an exciting learning experience and helps them to discover a new way to look at what it is they are learning. Each portion of the lesson acknowledges the integrity and distinctiveness of each area that is being studied or taught. It also gives the students a connection with how each subject could be related.
            Each subject when using interdisciplinary instruction is still made up of specific skills and knowledge that students will need in their future education. Students will gain these skills and learn to apply and demonstrate them in their learning. As a teacher it is important to recognize which topics or subjects can correlate with what is being taught so that interdisciplinary learning can take place in the classroom. Aside from ensuring that students learn the content of multiple subjects in one lesson, interdisciplinary learning is helpful for teachers in some regard as well. It allows teachers to build their understanding of other subject areas and gives teachers a chance to expand their knowledge from other staff members. Planning as a team for teachers allows the lessons to be precise as to what the students are learning and with exceptional information from each subject area contained within the lessons. Creating a theme from many subject areas assists in the teaching process as students learn to grasp the concepts. From the many examples of teachers and the interdisciplinary instruction taking place in classrooms, students will be able to understand and recognize their skills in one subject area and can then begin to transfer their knowledge into another which then assists the students in applying their knowledge to their own life experiences (Aviation For Kids, 2008)
         Personally, I have seen many examples of physical education integrated with many subjects, and could easily be integrated with any subject. Kindergarteners can learn their ABC’s and letter sounds by creating a dance and acting out the movements as each letter and sound is sang by the class. Students have also learned how to use sign language when learning the letters and sounds to enhance their fine motor skills as they learn the alphabet. In one specific classroom I observed last semester, the teacher had the students use magnetic “money” on the white board in the front of the classroom to practice their math skills and understanding of the value of each dollar or coin. After the students called out the correct amount of money that the teacher had placed on the board, the teacher would ask the students to identify the president on each coin or dollar bill. The interdisciplinary instruction of both math and social studies is easy to integrate and helps students to learn more than one concept throughout a lesson.
The lesson I posted below is an example of how to use interdisciplinary instruction with grades k-5 and focuses on the subjects of computer technology skills, English language arts, guidance, and social studies. Not only does this lesson include various subjects for the students to learn about but focuses on students being hands on using technology. This skill is also important for students to learn because many students may not have access to computers at home and be able to learn these skills on their own. I feel like this lesson will allow students to expand their thinking and discover many aspects of their lives that they may not have been exposed to previously.
The next lesson I have included is another example of how to use interdisciplinary instruction in a second grade classroom by integrating social studies, language arts, and English language development. The lesson centers on the natural resources in our country and how humans’ actions affect the resources. The students will practice their understanding of the topic by having a discussion, writing out their ideas, and reading different pierces of literature. Students will learn the importance of the natural resources and how we use them in our everyday lives and how to preserve the resources.
According to Ellis, a great characteristic of projects is that of interdisciplinary instruction. When having students do a project it is important to incorporate other subject areas into the project as well. He gives an example in the text: “A project on ‘Activities of the Night’ will use music, art, mathematics, language, science, and most of all social studies”. He also states the complexity of a project compared to reading out of the text book and that students need all the help they can get from various areas of the curriculum (Ellis, 2010).
This final website is an excellent resource in using interdisciplinary instruction across the span of many different subjects. It would be a very useful science, mathematics, fine arts, technology, social studies, and language arts lesson to use in grades 2-4. The lesson has to do with flight and describes how the lesson would be beneficial for the subjects listed above.
          From my experiences in elementary school and middle school, I do not specifically remember a lesson where many subjects were integrated into one. The subjects seemed to be very segregated from any other subject when being taught. I feel like if my teachers had used more interdisciplinary instruction in the classroom, I would have been able to better understand the concept matter by applying to the other subjects in the lesson. In one of my Spanish classes in high school, my teacher would always play music when we had independent work. I feel like that was one idea of interdisciplinary instruction that I did not notice at the time. She would play songs that were in Spanish and print out the Spanish as well as English lyrics so that the class could follow along and see the connection between the Spanish and English words.
        I know that as a future teacher, it is extremely important for the students to be able to connect their ideas with others, thus including multiple subjects into one lesson will allow them to do so. As a teacher it is also helpful that I communicate with my colleagues to hear their ideas of specific subject and possible gain some tips on good ways to use integration in the classroom in numerous ways. Students will learn many different skills such as how to converse with classmates and so forth when being taught through interdisciplinary instruction. I look forward to making my lessons engaging for the students so that they can become excited to learn and make those connections with various subjects and overall learn more about themselves as an individual, as shown in the lessons I have posted. I feel like those lessons are an excellent example of just two ways that integration can occur. Interdisciplinary instruction does require creativity, but I believe that if the lesson is looked at in depth, a teacher can find many different subjects to include in any lesson.

Saturday, September 3, 2011

Interdisciplinary Teaching

Objective #1: Understand the benefits and describe key features of interdisciplinary instruction and learning experiences.

Interdisciplinary instruction is a crucial part of teaching in a classroom. Students are able to learn a great deal of content, while applying it to other subjects that are being studied. This form of teaching also allows the students to make connections in understanding what it is they may be learning. Interdisciplinary instruction connects the curriculum with academic standards from many different content areas. For example, a lesson on the United States presidents could be applied to the subjects of language arts, math, and social studies. In language arts, the students could read an article about a specific president and write a report posing as one of the presidents. This will allow the students to learn about the presidents from specific facts and use their writing skills to elaborate their thoughts. The students could learn about the presidents during math by comparing the 3rd president to the 27th president on the number line. The teacher could also integrate math and social studies by using maps (as we learned about in class last week!) Students can learn to read a map and the way maps can appear differently while math could be used to find out the distance between two points! Finally, to integrate social studies, the students could be taught about the president's biographies and what each had done during their presidency to impact the history of the United States.

   Throughout my experience in the classroom, I have seen many teachers use social studies topics during their language arts lessons. Reading a book to students that relates to social studies, not only allows them understand the topic, but allows them to use their reading comprehension to dig deeper into the text, make connections between the text and themselves, make connections between the text and a previous text, or make a connection about the text in relation to the world. The students can make predictions as to what they may think would happen in the book and could pick out words they do not understand in the reading to pose as a class question.
 I feel as though interdisciplinary teaching could be most difficult when preparing to use math and social studies together. As I was researching ideas to use in the classroom, I found a great resource that could be used in my future for both math and social studies together within the classroom. The article below talks about how to use math and social studies together in a lesson on longitude and latitude. In this lesson, students not only learn about longitude and latitude, but also learn "what is a grid" and how to use a grid.

 www.washburn.edu/faculty/tfry/Location,%20loc.doc

Although integrating concepts and subjects can sometimes seem like trouble, it is good to use resources and ideas that make the learning fun for the students. Engaging the students is very important when teaching a  lesson. Grabbing the students attention to begin a lesson could make or break their understanding of the concept. It will also intrigue them to want to learn more. After researching ways to integrate material in the classroom, I discovered this website that gives teachers 10 suggestions for integrating subjects in their classroom. Most of them focus on elaborate thinking within the classroom as well as how to encourage the students to think beyond the box.

http://ctfd.sfsu.edu/feature/top-ten-suggestions-for-interdisciplinary-teaching.htm

Overall, I have realized the extreme importance of integration in the classroom. The students can benefit from learning multiple subjects under one topic. It also assists the teacher in that the classroom focus can be on one topic, but focus on many subjects. Repetition for students is important as well, with the repetition of the topic, in many subject areas, the students will learn a vast amount in the topic while applying it to many subjects.